Microglia: Activation and Their Significance in the CNS

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Microglia: Activation and Their Significance in the Central Nervous System

The Journal of Biochemistry, Volume 130, Issue 2, August 2001, Pages 169–175, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a002969

Published: 01 August 2001

Abstract:

Microglia are resident monocyte-lineaged cells in the brain. Their characteristic feature is that they react to injury and diseases of the brain and become morphologically and functionally activated.

Although some trigger molecules, which activate microglia, are predicted to be released from injured or affected cells, such molecules have not yet been identified.

The main role of activated microglia is believed to be in brain defense, as scavengers of dead cells, and as immune or immunoeffector cells.

Recent biochemical and neurobiological studies have further indicated that they significantly affect the pathological state and/or regulate the regenerative state and remodeling of the brain by producing a variety of biologically active molecules including cytotoxic and neuro-trophic molecules.

**Neurotrophic** factors are a group of proteins that play crucial roles in the development, survival, and function of neurons.

These factors support the growth, differentiation, and maintenance of nerve cells.

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Recent studies reveal:

https://www.thetransmitter.org/spectrum/microglias-pruning-function-called-into-question/